In 1938, Zemlinsky fled to New York. In his suitcase was the unfinished opera Der Köning Kandaules. Once in New York, he hoped it would be performed at the Metropolitan Opera.

André Gide

The libretto, based on André Gide’s play, was about a sex scandal that shook an entire royal house and meant the end of an entire dynasty. According to the Greek historian Herodotus, it happened in Lydia in the 7th century BC, when King Kandaules widely spread the word of his wife’s utter beauty as he wanted to share his happiness and also his wife’s loveliness with everyone.

Encouraged by the king and aided by an invisibility ring, Gyges, his beloved bodyguard spends a night with the queen. When she finds out the true facts, she urges Gyges to kill the king after which he himself is crowned king.

Herodotus:

“Gyges,” The queen said, as soon as he presented himself, “there are two courses open to you, and you may may take your choice between them. Kill Candaules and seize the throne, with me as your wife; or die yourself on the spot, so that never again may your blind obedience to the king tempt you to see what you have no right to see. One of you must die: either my husband, the author of this wicked plot; or you, who have outraged propriety by seeing me naked.” (Livius.org)

Antony Beamont

The libretto proved too daring for American audiences, and when Zemlinsky died in 1942, his opera was still unfinished.

Much later the English musicologist and Zemlinsky biographer Antony Beaumont completed the score. In October 1996, the opera was performed in Hamburg, with enormous success. The performance was recorded live and released on the Capriccio label (600712).

The performance conducted by Gerd Albrecht is undoubtedly excellent, and the leading roles are very adequately cast with James O’Neal (Kandaules), Monte Pederson (Gyges) and Nina Warren (Nyssia). In the minor role of Nicomedes, we hear a young debutant, Mariusz Kwiecień.

Salzburg staged the opera in 2002 and the phenomenally cast, live-recorded, performance was released in a very well-crafted edition on 2 CDs (Naïve 3070). The role of Kandaules was sung assiduously by Robert Brubacker and Wolfgang Schöne   was an excellent Gyges. Sweden’s Nina Stemme, then still in the lyrical ˜fach”, sang a fine Nyssia. The Deutsche Symphonie Orcherst conducted by Kent Nagano sounds very exciting.

Part 1:

Part 2:

Our unsurpassed Saturday Matinee performed the opera concertante in November 2007, unfortunately no recording of it exists. A pity, because the conductor Bernhard Kontarsky conducted with great abandon and Stuart Skelton and Jeanne- Michèle Charbonnet were unforgettable as the royal couple.

Gyges (or was it Zemlinsky himself?): ˜Der, der ein Glück hält, soll sich gut verstecken! Und besser noch, sein Glück vor Andern”.